ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are major health care problems worldwide even in Pediatric population. The etiology of CKD in children with ESRD is varied. Most of them are started on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis before being considered for renal transplantation.The aims and objective of this study was to analyzed the patient group, methodology, results and outcomes of hemodialysis catheter insertion and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) catheter insertion for children with ESRD. The etiology of ESRD in children with CKD is also reviewed.Methods: All children with ESRD who underwent CAPD catheter and haemodialysis catheter insertion over a period of 5 years were included in the study. CAPD catheters were inserted by open and laparoscopic assisted methods. The procedures were done without image guidance due to logistical constraints in a limited resource scenario. Analysis of all relevant case records, operative notes and postoperative events were done.Results: A total of 40 patients who underwent CAPD and hemodialysis catheter insertions were analysed. The primary cases (no previous insertion of dialysis catheter) included 29 and secondary cases (history of previous insertion of dialysis catheter) were 7. Re-insertions (of the same type of dialysis catheter) were 2 in each group. No significant complications occurred in either group.Conclusions: Dialysis catheters for ESRD in Paediatric population can be inserted safely even without image guidance and with very few complications.
ABSTRACT
Dyslipidemia is one of the major cause and risk factor for the development and progression of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), many epidemiological study shows dyslipidemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries like India, Bangladesh , Pakistan and Nepal . Most of the studies have revealed the prevalence of dyslipidemia mostly in general population. The present study attempted to find out the prevalence of dyslipidemia among master health checkup beneficiaries who attended the master health checkup unit of our institution. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia among master health check-up beneficiaries by retrospective analysis of data from Master health check-up department of IRT- Perundurai Medical College and Hospital, Perundurai, Tamilnadu. RESULT: Among the study subjects, Overall 65.4% were found to have Dyslipidemia which was determined by considering all four lipid parameters (Total Cholesterol, LDL, HDLand Triglycerides) into consideration. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among the study population undergone master health checkup is 65.4%, comparative to study done by Karna.S.K et al(57.7% ) among individuals attending preventive health checkup in rural tertiary care hospital. CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in our study is alarming and it highlights the extensive need for screening programs and appropriate intervention programs to reduce the risk factors
ABSTRACT
Background: Poisoning occurs following the ingestion of crushed seeds or fruits of yellow oleander. Objectives of the study were to investigate various arrhythmias and electrolyte abnormalities seen in patients with yellow oleander poisoning and to find out the correlation between various arrhythmias, duration and form of exposure of oleander.Methods: Fifty patients from the toxicology ward in the Institute of Internal Medicine, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, who fulfilled the eligibility criteria, were enrolled for this prospective and observational study among the patients admitted for the ingestion of yellow oleander.Results: Oleander seed poison was most prevalent in the 21-40 years of age. Incidence was more among the young males. Mortality was independent of the number of seeds consumed. More the crushed seeds consumed and delay to admission to the hospital, poorer was the outcome. ECG abnormalities were found in majority of the individuals. Electrolyte disturbances (hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia) were found in significant proportion of the patients.Conclusions: Prognosis was poor among those who presented with bradycardia, electrolyte disturbances and complex arrhythmias. The arrhythmias produced by this poisoning might range from sinus bradycardia to complete heart block and ventricular tachycardia. Sinus bradycardia was the most common arrhythmia seen in this study. As there are no standard guidelines at present to recommend the indications for temporary pacemaker in the management of oleander induced arrhythmias, uniform guidelines have to be formulated.